Hypoglycemia: How to Prevent, Treat, and Manage It 

·        Hypoglycemia is defined as abnormally low blood glucose (sugar) levels. The brain requires sugar for normal function, and has very limited ability to store glucose. Blood glucose levels are regulated by a complex interaction of bodily processes.

·        Puppies, especially toy breed puppies, are predisposed to developing hypoglycemia because they have less ability to store and mobilize glucose, compared to older/bigger animals.

·        To prevent hypoglycemia, it is necessary to feed the puppy at least 3 times a day until the puppy is at least 3 months old.

·        It is helpful to give the puppy 1-3 cc or about 1-3 inches (based on weight) of Nutri-Cal or Forti-Cal gel in the morning and evening. This along with seeing that the puppy eats well can be the best preventative.

·        If a puppy looks listless, depressed, or has chills these could be part of the first signs of a hypoglycemia attack so you need to call your vet ASAP!

·        This is followed by muscular weakness, which causes nervousness, tremors (especially in the facial muscles), and the inability to walk correctly.

·        In severe cases, the puppy may become unconscious or go into a seizure.

·        Not all of these signs may be present during the course of the hypoglycemia.

·        Hypoglycemia can occur without warning and is brought on by stress such as moving to a new home or while shipping. Missed meals, excessive playing, or extreme heat can also cause hypoglycemia. 

·        Hypoglycemia is an emergency!

·        Treatment of hypoglycemia is aimed at restoring blood sugar levels. Begin treatment AT ONCE. If puppy continues to have low blood sugar, permanent brain damage can occur.

·        If puppy is awake give a small amount of Karo syrup (clear) by mouth with an eyedropper or syringe. Another small amount should follow in just a few minutes. In the meantime you should call the vet and let him/her know you suspect hypoglycemia. Follow the Vet’s instructions.

·        If puppy is unconscious, the puppy needs dextrose solution intravenously-take the puppy to the vet immediately.